Editing HTML
HTML can be written and edited using many different editors like Dreamweaver and Visual Studio.
However, in this tutorial we use a plain text editor (like Notepad) to edit HTML. We believe using a plain text editor is the best way to learn HTML.
However, in this tutorial we use a plain text editor (like Notepad) to edit HTML. We believe using a plain text editor is the best way to learn HTML.
Use Your Test Web For Learning
We suggest you experiment with everything you learn by editing your web files with a text editor (like Notepad).
Note: If your test web contains HTML markup tags you have not learned, don't panic. You will learn all about it in the next chapters.
Note: If your test web contains HTML markup tags you have not learned, don't panic. You will learn all about it in the next chapters.
HTM or .HTML File Extension?
When you save an HTML file, you can use either the .htm or the .html file extension. There is no difference, it is entirely up to you.
HTML Headings
HTML headings are defined with the <h1> to <h6> tags.
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<h2>This is a heading</h2>
<h3>This is a heading</h3>
<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<h2>This is a heading</h2>
<h3>This is a heading</h3>
HTML Paragraphs
HTML paragraphs are defined with the <p> tag.
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>
<p>This is another paragraph.</p>
HTML Links
HTML links are defined with the <a> tag.
<a href="http://webtutorial2.blogspot.com/">This is a link</a>
<a href="http://webtutorial2.blogspot.com/">This is a link</a>
HTML Images
HTML images are defined with the <img> tag.
<img src="webtutorial2.jpg" width="104" height="142" alt="webtutorial" />
<img src="webtutorial2.jpg" width="104" height="142" alt="webtutorial" />
HTML Elements
An HTML element is everything from the start tag to the end tag:
Start tag * Element content End tag *
<p> This is a paragraph </p>
<a href="default.htm"> This is a link </a>
<br />
* The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag.
Start tag * Element content End tag *
<p> This is a paragraph </p>
<a href="default.htm"> This is a link </a>
<br />
* The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is often called the closing tag.
HTML Element Syntax
An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag
An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag
The element content is everything between the start and the end tag
Some HTML elements have empty content
Empty elements are closed in the start tag
Most HTML elements can have attributes
Tip: You will learn about attributes in the next chapter of this tutorial.
An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag
The element content is everything between the start and the end tag
Some HTML elements have empty content
Empty elements are closed in the start tag
Most HTML elements can have attributes
Tip: You will learn about attributes in the next chapter of this tutorial.
Nested HTML Elements
Most HTML elements can be nested (can contain other HTML elements).
HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.
HTML Document Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
The example above contains 3 HTML elements.
1. The <p> element.
2. The <body> element.
3. The <html> element.
HTML documents consist of nested HTML elements.
HTML Document Example:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
The example above contains 3 HTML elements.
1. The <p> element.
2. The <body> element.
3. The <html> element.
Don't Forget the End Tag
Some HTML elements might display correctly even if you forget the end tag:
p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is a paragraph
The example above works in most browsers, because the closing tag is considered optional.
Never rely on this. Many HTML elements will produce unexpected results and/or errors if you forget the end tag .
p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is a paragraph
The example above works in most browsers, because the closing tag is considered optional.
Never rely on this. Many HTML elements will produce unexpected results and/or errors if you forget the end tag .
Empty HTML Elements
HTML elements with no content are called empty elements.
<br> is an empty element without a closing tag (the <br> tag defines a line break).
Tip: In XHTML, all elements must be closed. Adding a slash inside the start tag, like <br />, is the proper way of closing empty elements in XHTML (and XML).
<br> is an empty element without a closing tag (the <br> tag defines a line break).
Tip: In XHTML, all elements must be closed. Adding a slash inside the start tag, like <br />, is the proper way of closing empty elements in XHTML (and XML).
HTML Tip: Use Lowercase Tags
HTML tags are not case sensitive: <P> means the same as <p>. Many web sites use uppercase HTML tags.
we use lowercase tags because the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends lowercase in HTML 4, and demands lowercase tags in XHTML.
we use lowercase tags because the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends lowercase in HTML 4, and demands lowercase tags in XHTML.
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